[Prasad-Pitke]

Summary

• Use Math.multiplyExact so Pow.pow throws ArithmeticException instead of silently wrapping when a result exceeds long range.
• Document the overflow behavior.

Fixes #7751

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 82.34%. Comparing base (c468089) to head (dd077d3).

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff            @@
##             master    #7752   +/-   ##
=========================================
  Coverage     82.34%   82.34%           
+ Complexity     8446     8445    -1     
=========================================
  Files           843      843           
  Lines         26156    26156           
  Branches       5110     5110           
=========================================
  Hits          21537    21537           
+ Misses         3831     3830    -1     
- Partials        788      789    +1     

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